The risk of HIV, HBV, HCV and HTLV infection among musculoskeletal tissue donors in Australia.

TitleThe risk of HIV, HBV, HCV and HTLV infection among musculoskeletal tissue donors in Australia.
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2007
AuthorsYao F, Seed C, Farrugia A, Morgan D, Cordner S, Wood D, Zheng MH
JournalAm J Transplant
Volume7
Issue12
Pagination2723 - 6
Date PublishedDec
ISSN1600-6135
Accession Number17983391
KeywordsAntibodies, Viral, Australia, Deltaretrovirus, Deltaretrovirus Infections, Disease Transmission, Infectious, DNA, Viral, Hepacivirus, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis B virus, Hepatitis C, hiv, HIV Infections, Humans, Musculoskeletal System, Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques, Prevalence, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Tissue and Organ Procurement, Tissue Donors, Tissue Transplantation
Abstract

In Australia, there are no current national estimates of the risks of transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) or human T-lymphotrophic virus (HTLV) by musculoskeletal tissue transplantation. We determined the prevalence rates of antibodies against HIV (anti-HIV), HCV (anti-HCV) and HTLV (anti-HTLV) and Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) for 12,415 musculoskeletal tissue donors from three major bone tissue banks across Australia for the period 1993-2004. The prevalence (per 100,000 persons) was 64.44 for anti-HIV, 407.13 for HBsAg, 534.63 for anti-HCV and 121.88 for anti-HTLV. The estimated probability of viremia at the time of donation was 1 in 128,000, 1 in 189,000, 1 in 55,000 and 1 in 118,000, respectively. With the addition of nucleic acid amplification testing (NAT), the probability of donor viremia would be reduced to 1 in 315,000 for HIV, 1 in 385,000 for HBV and 1 in 500,000 for HCV. The prevalence of HIV, HBV, HCV and HTLV although low, are higher among musculoskeletal tissue donors than among first-time blood donors. The risks associated with musculoskeletal donation will be reduced with NAT, though further cost analysis is required prior to its implementation.

DOI10.1111/j.1600-6143.2007.02012.x
Notify Library Reference ID1662

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