@article {1662,
	title = {The risk of HIV, HBV, HCV and HTLV infection among musculoskeletal tissue donors in Australia.},
	journal = {Am J Transplant},
	volume = {7},
	year = {2007},
	month = {Dec},
	pages = {2723 - 6},
	abstract = {In Australia, there are no current national estimates of the risks of transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) or human T-lymphotrophic virus (HTLV) by musculoskeletal tissue transplantation. We determined the prevalence rates of antibodies against HIV (anti-HIV), HCV (anti-HCV) and HTLV (anti-HTLV) and Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) for 12,415 musculoskeletal tissue donors from three major bone tissue banks across Australia for the period 1993-2004. The prevalence (per 100,000 persons) was 64.44 for anti-HIV, 407.13 for HBsAg, 534.63 for anti-HCV and 121.88 for anti-HTLV. The estimated probability of viremia at the time of donation was 1 in 128,000, 1 in 189,000, 1 in 55,000 and 1 in 118,000, respectively. With the addition of nucleic acid amplification testing (NAT), the probability of donor viremia would be reduced to 1 in 315,000 for HIV, 1 in 385,000 for HBV and 1 in 500,000 for HCV. The prevalence of HIV, HBV, HCV and HTLV although low, are higher among musculoskeletal tissue donors than among first-time blood donors. The risks associated with musculoskeletal donation will be reduced with NAT, though further cost analysis is required prior to its implementation.},
	keywords = {Antibodies, Viral, Australia, Deltaretrovirus, Deltaretrovirus Infections, Disease Transmission, Infectious, DNA, Viral, Hepacivirus, Hepatitis B, Hepatitis B virus, Hepatitis C, hiv, HIV Infections, Humans, Musculoskeletal System, Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques, Prevalence, Retrospective Studies, Risk Factors, Tissue and Organ Procurement, Tissue Donors, Tissue Transplantation},
	issn = {1600-6135},
	doi = {AJT2012 [pii] 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2007.02012.x},
	author = {Yao,F. and Seed,C. and Farrugia,A. and Morgan,D. and Cordner,S. and Wood,D. and Zheng,M. H.}
}
