As for the deceased donor, potential live donors should be carefully evaluated to identify a previous history of malignancy or an active neoplasia, based on a thorough medical history, a physical examination and image tests. It should be noted that the risk of clinical and subclinical malignancy increases markedly with age and that the risk of different cancers differs between countries. Hence, screening for prevalent malignant diseases in the population should be based on national cancer screening protocols.
The follow-up of the living donor to detect and treat any complication related to donation and appearing in the short, mid or long term is a recognized international standard. On the other hand, during the follow-up of the living donor, potentially transmissible diseases, including malignancies, might arise, which were not detected during the donor evaluation preceding the transplantation. Cases of malignancies appearing in living donors shortly after donation have been described in the literature. This situation should lead to alerting the relevant teams. Needless to say, the procurement / transplant team should take care / responsibility of the live donors in terms of treatment and follow-up care.