%0 Journal Article %J Transfusion %D 2015 %T Transmission of human immunodeficiency virus Type-1 by fresh-frozen plasma treated with methylene blue and light. %A Alvarez, Manuel %A Luis-Hidalgo, Mar %A Bracho, Maria %A Blanquer, Amando %A Larrea, Luis %A Villalba, Jose %A Puig, Nieves %A Planelles, Dolores %A Montoro, Jose %A Gonzalez-Candelas, Fernando %A Roig, Roberto %X BACKGROUND: The risk of transfusion-transmitted infection (TTI) has been minimized by introduction of nucleic acid testing (NAT) and pathogen inactivation (PI). This case report describes transmission of human immunodeficiency virus Type 1 (HIV-1) to two recipients despite these measures., STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: In March 2009 a possible TTI of HIV-1 was identified in a patient that had received pooled buffy coat platelet concentrate (BC-PLT) in November 2005. The subsequent lookback study found two more patients who had received methylene blue (MB)-treated fresh-frozen plasma (FFP) and red blood cells (RBCs) from the same donation. In November 2005 the donor had tested negative for both HIV antibodies and HIV-1 RNA by 44 minipool (44 MP) NAT. Repository samples of this donation and samples from the recipients were used for viral load (VL) and sequence analysis., RESULTS: HIV-1 RNA was detectable by individual donation (ID)-NAT in the repository sample from the 2005 window period donation and a VL of 135 copies/mL was measured. HIV-1 infection was confirmed in both recipients of both BC-PLT (65 mL of plasma) and MB-FFP (261 mL of plasma), but not in the patient that had received 4-week-old RBCs (20 mL of plasma). The sequence analysis revealed a close phylogenetic relationship between the virus strains isolated from the donor and recipients, compatible with TTI., CONCLUSIONS: Approximately 17,600 and 4400 virions in the MB-FFP and BC-PLT were infectious, but 1350 virions in the RBCs were not. ID-NAT would have prevented this transmission, but the combination of MP-NAT and MB-PI did not., (C) 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd %B Transfusion %I (1)Valencian Regional Blood Transfusion Center, Valencia, Spain(2)Joint Research Unit "Infection and Health" FISABIO-Universitat de Valencia and CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Valencia, Spain %C (C) 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd %8 2015 %@ 0041-1132 %G eng %< http://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&PAGE=reference&D=ovftq&NEWS=N&AN=00007885-900000000-99457