@article {4456,
	title = {Transmission of human immunodeficiency virus Type-1 by fresh-frozen plasma treated with methylene blue and light.},
	journal = {Transfusion},
	year = {2015},
	month = {2015},
	publisher = {(1)Valencian Regional Blood Transfusion Center, Valencia, Spain(2)Joint Research Unit "Infection and Health" FISABIO-Universitat de Valencia and CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Valencia, Spain},
	address = {(C) 2015 John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd},
	abstract = {BACKGROUND: The risk of transfusion-transmitted infection (TTI) has been minimized by introduction of nucleic acid testing (NAT) and pathogen inactivation (PI). This case report describes transmission of human immunodeficiency virus Type 1 (HIV-1) to two recipients despite these measures., STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: In March 2009 a possible TTI of HIV-1 was identified in a patient that had received pooled buffy coat platelet concentrate (BC-PLT) in November 2005. The subsequent lookback study found two more patients who had received methylene blue (MB)-treated fresh-frozen plasma (FFP) and red blood cells (RBCs) from the same donation. In November 2005 the donor had tested negative for both HIV antibodies and HIV-1 RNA by 44 minipool (44 MP) NAT. Repository samples of this donation and samples from the recipients were used for viral load (VL) and sequence analysis., RESULTS: HIV-1 RNA was detectable by individual donation (ID)-NAT in the repository sample from the 2005 window period donation and a VL of 135 copies/mL was measured. HIV-1 infection was confirmed in both recipients of both BC-PLT (65 mL of plasma) and MB-FFP (261 mL of plasma), but not in the patient that had received 4-week-old RBCs (20 mL of plasma). The sequence analysis revealed a close phylogenetic relationship between the virus strains isolated from the donor and recipients, compatible with TTI., CONCLUSIONS: Approximately 17,600 and 4400 virions in the MB-FFP and BC-PLT were infectious, but 1350 virions in the RBCs were not. ID-NAT would have prevented this transmission, but the combination of MP-NAT and MB-PI did not., (C) 2015 John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd},
	isbn = {0041-1132},
	author = {Alvarez, Manuel and Luis-Hidalgo, Mar and Bracho, Maria and Blanquer, Amando and Larrea, Luis and Villalba, Jose and Puig, Nieves and Planelles, Dolores and Montoro, Jose and Gonzalez-Candelas, Fernando and Roig, Roberto}
}
