@article {4006,
	title = {Single Donor-Derived Strongyloidiasis in Three Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: Case Series and Review of the Literature.},
	journal = {//Am J Transplant},
	volume = {14},
	year = {2014},
	month = {2014},
	pages = {1199 - 1206},
	publisher = {(1)Department of Transplantation and Liver Surgery, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, PA,(2)Department of Pediatrics, Division of Infectious Diseases, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, PA,(3)Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Gei},
	address = {(C) 2014 John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd},
	abstract = {: Donor-derived Strongyloides stercoralis infections in transplant recipients are a rare but recognized complication. In this case series, we report donor-derived allograft transmission of Strongyloides in three solid organ transplant recipients. Following detection of infection in heart and kidney-pancreas recipients at two different transplant centers, a third recipient from the same donor was identified and diagnosed. S. stercoralis larvae were detected in duodenal aspirates, bronchial washings, cerebrospinal fluid, urine and stool specimens. Treatment with ivermectin and albendazole was successful in two of the three patients identified. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention was contacted and performed an epidemiologic investigation. Donor serology was strongly positive for S. stercoralis antibodies on retrospective testing while all pretransplant recipient serum was negative. There should be a high index of suspicion for parasitic infection in transplant recipients and donors from endemic regions of the world. This case series underscores the need for expanded transplant screening protocols for Strongyloides. Positive serologic or stool tests should prompt early treatment or prophylaxis in donors and recipients as well as timely notification of organ procurement organizations and transplant centers., : This case series of suspected donor-derived strongyloidiasis highlights the epidemiology of Strongyloides stercorals and draws attention to the importance of diligent screening in all at-risk recipients and donors, as well as high index of suspicion and timely notification of possible donor-derived infections. (Also see special article by Levi et al on page 1003.), (C) 2014 John Wiley \& Sons, Ltd},
	keywords = {Donor screening, donor-to-host transmission, Heart Transplantation, renal and pancreas transplantation, Renal transplant, Strongyloides, Strongyloidiasis, Survivors, transplant infectious diseases},
	isbn = {1600-6135},
	author = {Le, M. and Ravin, K. and Hasan, A. and Clauss, H. and Muchant, D. and Pasko, J. and Cipollina, G. and Abanyie, F. and Montgomery, S. and Loy, M. and Ahmed, M. and Mathur, M. and Chokkalingam Mani, B. and Mehr, J. and Kotru, A. and Varma, C. and Maksimak, M. and Schultz, M. and Obradovic, G. and Alvarez, R. and Toyoda, Y. and Birkenbach, M. and Brunner, E. and Nelson, J.}
}
