@article {88,
	title = {HIV transmission through donor artificial insemination.},
	journal = {JAMA},
	volume = {273},
	year = {1995},
	month = {Mar},
	pages = {854 - 8},
	abstract = {OBJECTIVE: To investigate and report cases of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission through donor artificial insemination (AI) before 1986 at five infertility clinics. DESIGN: Two types of look-back studies were performed: (1) identification of an HIV-infected woman who reported previous AI, followed by identification of the infected donor(s) and contact tracing of women who were inseminated with his semen, and (2) identification of an HIV-infected donor and subsequent examination of women receiving AI procedures using his semen. SETTING: Five infertility clinics in Los Angeles County, California; San Diego County, California; Arizona; and Vancouver, British Columbia. PATIENTS: A total of 230 women were inseminated with semen from any one of the five identified HIV-infected donors; 199 (87\%) consented to HIV testing. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Seropositivity for HIV among AI recipients. RESULTS: Seven (3.52\%) of the 199 women (95\% confidence interval, 1.55\% to 7.41\%) who were artificially inseminated with semen from any of five HIV-infected donors and consented to HIV testing tested HIV-seropositive. Information on HIV risk was available for three of the five donors; all three reported a history of having sex with men. Four HIV-infected women were identified through uncommon circumstances, rather than through routine look-back studies of donors. CONCLUSION: Infection with HIV through donor AI performed before routine HIV screening of semen donors represents a potentially serious threat to women who underwent AI procedures. Public health policies requiring retrospective identification of HIV-infected semen donors and patients receiving AI before 1986, especially in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-prevalent areas, should be considered routine. Women diagnosed with AIDS or HIV infection, in whom no identified risk of HIV acquisition is established, should be questioned about previous AI procedures.},
	keywords = {Adult, AIDS Serodiagnosis, British Columbia, California, Contact Tracing, Female, HIV Infections, Humans, Insemination, Artificial, Male, Risk Factors, Time Factors, Tissue Donors},
	issn = {0098-7484},
	author = {Araneta,M. R. and Mascola,L. and Eller,A. and O{\textquoteright}Neil,L. and Ginsberg,M. M. and Bursaw,M. and Marik,J. and Friedman,S. and Sims,C. A. and Rekart,M. L.}
}
